Eduard Paulino, 31, was taken into custody in the Bronx early Monday morning.
The incident happened around 7:20 p.m. near Garrison Avenue and Whittier Street in Hunts Point.
The NYPD says officers responding to a loud music complaint encountered a large crowd when a man behind the wheel of a white Honda SUV allegedly struck an officer and sped away.
The officer suffered significant leg injuries and was rushed to Lincoln Hospital for treatment.
Following the crash, police launched a search for the driver.
The U.S. Marshals Service and the New York/New Jersey Regional Fugitive Task Force joined the investigation, leading to Paulino's arrest less than two days later.
"There is nowhere to hide in New York for individuals who choose violence against law enforcement," said U.S. Marshal Ricky J. Patel in a statement announcing the arrest.
Charges against Paulino have not yet been released.